Ice dams, frozen pipes and heavy snow loads cause millions in property damage each winter. Learn how to prevent damage and navigate the claims process.
Winter storms in Illinois and Wisconsin bring a unique set of property risks that differ significantly from hurricane and tornado damage. Ice dams, frozen pipes, heavy snow loads and wind-driven cold can cause extensive — and expensive — damage to homes and commercial properties.
Common Winter Damage Types
Ice dams: when heat escaping from the attic melts snow on the roof, water refreezes at the eaves, backing up under shingles and leaking into walls and ceilings
Frozen pipes: water expands when it freezes, causing pipes to burst — especially in unheated areas like crawl spaces, garages and exterior walls
Snow load: excessive snow weight can stress or collapse roofs, particularly on flat or low-slope commercial buildings
Wind chill damage: sustained cold and wind can damage siding, windows and exposed plumbing
Ice falls: large icicles and ice sheets falling from roofs can damage gutters, landscaping, vehicles and walkways
Prevention Strategies
Insulate your attic properly — this prevents the heat loss that causes ice dams
Seal air leaks around plumbing penetrations, light fixtures and ductwork in the attic floor
Keep interior temperature at 55°F or above, even when away
Open cabinet doors to allow warm air to reach pipes on exterior walls
Disconnect and drain outdoor hoses before the first freeze
Monitor snow accumulation on your roof — consider professional removal if depth exceeds 12 inches on a standard pitched roof
Keep gutters clean and ensure downspouts direct water away from the foundation
Filing a Winter Damage Claim
Winter damage claims follow the same general process as other property claims, but with a few important distinctions:
Frozen pipe bursts are considered sudden and accidental — and are covered under most policies
Gradual ice dam damage may be disputed if the carrier argues it resulted from deferred maintenance
Document the timeline carefully: when did you first notice damage? What steps did you take to prevent it?
Save weather data showing temperatures, wind chill and snowfall totals for your area
Common Carrier Pushback
Carriers sometimes deny winter claims by arguing:
The damage resulted from lack of maintenance (poor attic insulation causing ice dams)
The homeowner failed to maintain adequate heat (frozen pipes)
The damage was gradual rather than sudden
A public adjuster knows how to frame winter damage claims within the policy language and demonstrate that the loss meets the definition of a covered event. With proper documentation and professional representation, winter storm claims can be resolved fairly and efficiently.